Assignment 7 CET765

Sandy Nightingale

July 10, 2003

 

An Examination of the Role of a Leader in Orchestrating Change

 

     People can make or break an organization’s success.  When leaders inspire others, coach, build trust, and drive individual and team performance, organizations thrive.  When workers readily collaborate, take initiative, make effective decisions, and embrace change, organizations prosper.   Peter Senge wrote in his opening remarks in The Dance of Change, “If you are an organizational leader, someone at any level concerned deeply about these challenges, then you face a daunting task.  In effect, you are engaged in a great venture of exploration, risk, discovery, and change, without any comprehensive maps for guidance”. 

     However, as Senge points out, leadership isn’t about having all the answers.  The mountain men of the Rocky Mountain fur trade in the 1820’s and ‘30’s were explorers and adventurers.  They became the guides for the wagon train migrations of the 1850’s and ‘60’s.  They were qualified to lead because they had been there and knew the secrets.  They knew the crafts.

     Effective leaders know how to listen.  If you are going to inspire, mentor, stretch and retain today’s workers, you have to hear what they are saying.  Effective listening is a fundamental part of the work of a leader.  Listening requires that you stop and accurately absorb new data, mentally sort and categorize it into useful information, and possibly act on it.  It is important to hear the content, understand the context, and evaluate the implications.  A good leader listens with focus and respect, and without bias.  By actively listening from a leader’s perspective throughout conversations with your fellow workers, you will gain valuable information.  Developing trusting relationships, where feedback is genuine, information is clear and accurate, and the message is consistently reliable, is the kind of cutting edge advantage that will lead to the loyalty, commitment, and retention of good employees.  Leaders who genuinely and consistently listen to what their employees are saying best represent the qualities of leadership needed to successfully direct an organization.

     Participants in a forum sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education in July of 1996 (The Role of Leadership in Sustaining School Reform”came up with five categories identifying key dimensions of leadership for sustaining school reform.  They were:

 

·        Partnership and voice.  Effective reform leaders hear the voices of many stakeholders—families, businesses, and other groups and institutions.  They look for widespread participation in important aspects of change.  Establishing partnerships and listening are skills that permeate many aspects of reform.

·        Vision and values.  Effective reform leaders are dependable and committed “keepers of the dream”.  They know that the dream is continuously evolving and that it belongs to everyone.

·        Knowledge and daring.  Effective reform leaders develop relevant information bases and cultivate human resources to minimize failure while encouraging risk taking.  They study, train staff, bring in experts and mentors, and consult their own insight and experience to increase their capacity to make good decisions.

·        Savvy and persistence.  Effective reform leaders know how the system works.  They can put up with resistance inside or outside the building, but they eventually find ways to win cooperation.  They are good managers and maintain a network of supporters to lean on in times of particular stress.

·        Personal qualities.  Effective reform leaders put to good use an array of personal qualities, such as good communication and listening skills and a well-developed sense of humor.

 

     But leadership is not restricted to people occupying particular positions.  It is the responsibility of leaders to create more leaders.  Any person who can deliver the leadership function is a leader.  Such persons can include principals, superintendents, and school board members.  Teachers, parents, community members, and students can act as leaders.  A good leader does not singly create a vision and impose it; he or she builds a vision together with the participants of the school organization.  In this way it becomes the common ground, the shared vision that compels all involved.

     When first implementing TQM, leadership must be used to articulate a vision of the future for the organization and how TQM fits into it.  Leadership is a key element in successful implementation of large-scale change.  The leader shows the need and sets the vision, and defines the basic purpose, goals, and parameters.  The leader must be able to motivate others to stick to the process during early stages when resistance and obstacles may seem insurmountable.  Staff may be involved in the design of specific system elements.  The leader should study TQM, talk to others who have used it, and possibly attend a training session.  The leader must acknowledge the existing organizational culture to ensure good fit.  TQM needs to be aligned with other organizational processes.  In order to implement TQM, the leader must begin to develop a new culture.  TQM should be implemented gradually to ensure meaningful culture change, and frequent feedback should be used to ensure that change isn’t just superficial.  One of the most important “do’s” for an effective leader is to involve employees in the decision making process, at whatever stages and levels possible. 

     Adopting the TQM philosophy will make an organization more competitive, establish a new culture which will enable growth and longevity, provide a working environment in which everyone can succeed, reduce stress, waste and friction, and  build teams, partnerships and cooperation, all visions that a good leader hopes to accomplish.  TQM is about building quality in from the beginning and making quality everyone's concern and responsibility. Consumers are willing to pay a premium for higher-quality goods and services. Organizations that employ TQM work on the premise that any product or service can be improved upon and this improvement equals reduced cost, better performance and higher reliability.  The eight principles of Quality Management provide a great framework for effective leaders to follow:

·        Customer-Focused Organization – The goal should be to understand current and future customer needs, meet customer requirements and strive to exceed their expectations.

·        Leadership – Effective leaders establish unity of purpose, direction, and create the environment in which employees can become involved in achieving the organization’s objectives.

·        Involvement of People – It is the responsibility of leaders to create more leaders.  Involving people at all levels enables their abilities to be used for the organization’s benefit.

·        Process Approach – An effective leader should manage resources and activities as a process.

·        System Approach to Management – Using a system approach contributes to the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization.

·        Continual Improvement – The organization works on the premise that any product or service can be improved upon and this improvement equals reduced cost, better performance and higher reliability.  Continual improvement is a permanent objective.

·        Factual Approach to Decision Making – Effective leaders make decisions based on the logical and intuitive analysis of data and information.

·        Mutually Beneficial Supplier Relationships – Effective leaders maintain mutually beneficial relationships between the organization and its suppliers.

     Deming’s 14 Points also provide valuable guidelines for effective leaders to follow.  Creating constancy of purpose towards improvement will aid in long-term planning.  Effective leaders should actually adopt the philosophy, rather that merely expect the workforce to do so.  They will gain their employees respect by doing this.  Adequate training should be provided for employees.  This will reduce variation and increase productivity.  Barriers should be broken down between departments so that effective teamwork can take place.  The job of quality is everyone’s job. Employees should feel a sense of pride in their workmanship.
     In summary, effective leaders inspire others, coach, build trust, and drive individual and team performance.  Effective leaders know how to listen and establish valuable partnerships.  They have a vision and know how to effectively share that vision with others.  They study, train staff, bring in experts and mentors, and consult their own insight and experience to increase their capacity to make good decisions. They are good managers and maintain a network of supporters to lean on in times of particular stress.  Effective leaders are persistent.  But most importantly, a good leader does not singly
create a vision and impose it; he or she builds a vision together with the participants of the organization.  In this way it becomes the common ground, the shared vision that compels all involved.

 

References:

 

Senge, P., (1999). The Dance of Change. New York: Doubleday.

 

Jenkins, Lee, (2003). Improving Student Learning: Applying Deming’s Quality Principles In Classrooms (Second Edition). Milwaukee, Wisconsin: ASQ Quality Press.

 

On-line References:

 

The Role of Leadership in Sustaining School Reform. Online: http://www.ed.gov/pubs/Leadership/ (7/8/03)

 

TQM And Organizational Change And Development. Online: http://www.improve.org/tqm.html (7/8/03)

 

Lessons inauthentic Leadership. Online: http://www.refresher.com/!authenticleadership.html (7/9/03)

 

Facilitative Leadership: The Imperative for Change. Online:

http://sedl.org/change/facilitate/leaders.html (7/9/03)